Clostridial neurotoxins
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Retargeted Clostridial Neurotoxins as Novel Agents for Treating Chronic Diseases
Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) A and B are used to treat neuropathic disorders; if retargeted, these agents could be used to treat medical conditions that involve secretion from nonneuronal cells. Here, we report novel strategies for successfully retargeting BoNTs, and also tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT), to primary human blood monocyte-derived macrophages where BoNT/B inhibited the release of tumor ne...
متن کاملClostridial Neurotoxins: Mechanism of SNARE Cleavage and Outlook on Potential Substrate Specificity Reengineering
The clostridial neurotoxin family consists of tetanus neurotoxin and seven distinct botulinum neurotoxins which cause the diseases tetanus and botulism. The extreme potency of these toxins primarily relies not only on their ability to specifically enter motoneurons but also on the activity their catalytic domains display inside presynaptic motoneuronal terminals. Subsequent to neurotoxin bindin...
متن کاملClostridial neurotoxins and substrate proteolysis in intact neurons: botulinum neurotoxin C acts on synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa.
Clostridial neurotoxins are zinc endopeptidases that block neurotransmission and have been shown to cleave, in vitro, specific proteins involved in synaptic vesicle docking and/or fusion. We have used immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting to demonstrate alterations in toxin substrates in intact neurons under conditions of toxin-induced blockade of neurotransmitter release. Vesicle-associated ...
متن کاملBotulinum Neurotoxins
Botulism is a neuroparalytic disease caused by neurotoxin produced from the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. The botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are among the most potent known biological toxins and have an estimated human median lethal dose (LD50) in the nanogram/kilogram range. Botulinum toxins have historically been employed as biological weapons (BW) through state-sponsored programs in Japan,...
متن کاملClostridial iron-sulphur proteins.
Iron-sulfur proteins are ubiquitous catalysts of a wide range of biological reactions, and are particularly abundant in clostridia which lack the ability to synthesize hemes. The development of research on these metalloproteins has therefore been strongly associated with biochemical investigations of clostridial metabolism. Major breakthroughs in the field, from the first isolation of an iron-s...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
سال: 2004
ISSN: 0022-3050
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2004.046102